Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of T. hamosa aerial parts extract against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus fecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas auregenosa, Candida albicans, Fusarium sp. and Aspergilus niger was evaluated by disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for susceptible test microorganisms were further determined. Also the antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition activities were investigated. The extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against C. albican, B. subtilis and E. fecalis; the MICs were 5.5, 7 and 8.5 mg/ml, respectively. Antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition activities of the extract were concentration dependent and the IC50 values were 0.19 and 35 mg/ml, respectively. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) bioautography was used to detect the bioactive fractions of the extract. It revealed that three different fractions of different polarities exhibited antimicrobial, α-amylase inhibition and antioxidant activities. The toxicity of the extract to brine shrimp (Artemia salina) larvae was assessed and the LC50 was found to be 2.3 mg/ml. This study suggests that the extract of T. hamosa aerial parts could be a source of bioactive compounds of different biological activities and is safe in terms of toxicity level. Key words: Trigonella hamosa, antimicrobial, antioxidant, α-amylase, toxicity.
Highlights
Medicinal plants have been the subject of concern as a source of important therapeutic drugs useful for the treatment of various diseases
The extract of T. hamosa aerial parts was screened for antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method
Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aurigenosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger or Fusarium sp. These results suggest that the aerial parts of T. hamosa aerial parts possess antimicrobial activity against selected members of Gram negative bacteria, Gram positive bacteria and fungi
Summary
Medicinal plants have been the subject of concern as a source of important therapeutic drugs useful for the treatment of various diseases. A wide range of substances that can be useful for the treatment of chronic as well as infectious diseases have been obtained from plants used in traditional medicine (Harish et al, 2010; Srinivas et al., 2011). The bioactive compounds derived from plants have broad spectrum of biological activities such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, antitumor, enzyme inhibitors, etc. Antimicrobial compounds derived from plants are effective candidates for the treatment of many infectious diseases with less side effects compared to their synthetic counterparts (Mukherjee and Wahile, 2006; Mehrotra et al, 2010). The present work was done to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition activities as well as cytotoxicity of the aerial parts extract of T. hamosa
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