Abstract
The prevalence of hepatitis B and C (HBV and HCV) among HIV infected persons is a major public health problem in Nigeria. The increasing number of people living with HIV in Nigeria has presented the health care system with new co-morbid infections such as HBV and HCV. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C among HIV/AIDS patients attending Bingham University Teaching Hospital Jos Plateau State Nigeria. The study was a retrospective study that reviewed all clinical case records of HIV/AIDS patients seen from 1st January, 2012 to 31st December, 2016. Information such as age, sex, marital status, occupation, educational level, hepatitis B and C status, CD4 T lymphocyte count, signs and symptoms were retrieved using structured questionnaire. Data were analysed and presented in simple percentage while Chi-square test was used to test for associations between variables at P<0.05. According to the results, more than two-third of the patients (1051, 68.10%) were females and 576 (37.30%) were in the age group of 38-47 years with a mean age of 42.60±9.9 years. The prevalence of HBV was 56.70% while HCV was 30.30%. In addition, both HBV and HCV were significantly found among HIV infected females compared to HIV infected males. The mean CD4 cells/µl for HBV positive was 500.48±101.81 while HCV positive was 557.33±121.76. The study showed the prevalence of hepatitis B and C among the HIV infected patients. Therefore routine screening for hepatitis B and C markers among HIV patients should be carried out regularly. Key words: Prevalence, HIV/AIDS patients, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, CD4 count, Bingham University.
Highlights
An estimate of 36.7 million people was living with Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV) in 2016
Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related death recorded (UNAIDS, 2017). These Attribution License 4.0 International LicenseImmune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related death can be attributed to the increase in mortalities and morbidities from liver diseases amongst HIV patients which is partly due to co-infection with hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) as these viruses promote liver fibrosis by increasing intra-hepatic apoptosis (Greub, 2000; Macias et al, 2005; Iser et al, 2011; Chiekulie Kevin Diwe et al, 2013)
The study population consists of all HIV/AIDS patients seen at Bingham University Teaching Hospital from 1st January, 2012 to 31st December, 2016
Summary
An estimate of 36.7 million people was living with Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV) in 2016. Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related death recorded (UNAIDS, 2017) These AIDS related death can be attributed to the increase in mortalities and morbidities from liver diseases amongst HIV patients which is partly due to co-infection with hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) as these viruses promote liver fibrosis by increasing intra-hepatic apoptosis (Greub, 2000; Macias et al, 2005; Iser et al, 2011; Chiekulie Kevin Diwe et al, 2013). Hepatitis C infection is prevalence in about 36 million people and the rates of co-infection with hepatitis B is up to 36% with the highest rate recorded in West and Southern sub-Saharan Africa (Matthews et al, 2014). Record from Nigeria reveals that over 35 million people have been estimated to live with hepatitis B and C viruses (Modi and Feld, 2007; Tremeau-Bravard et al, 2012; Madhava et al, 2002) while a pooled prevalence of HBV in Nigeria from studies carried out between 2000 and 2013 was 13.6% (Musa et al, 2015)
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