English

Iclal Geyikli

doi:10.5897/ajpp11.196

Abstract

Adipose tissue, in addition to storing energy, secretes numerous factors implicated in modulating insulin, sensitivity and energy balance, such as leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α and resistin. Resistin, is a hormone that is produced by fatty cells, a recently described adipokine belonging to the cysteine-rich secretory protein family, was originally described as an adipocyte-derived polypeptide that links obesity and insulin resistance in mice. However, in humans, resistin is expressed at very low concentrations in adipose cells, but at high levels in mononuclear leukocytes, macrophages, spleen cells and bone marrow cells. In recent years, several studies have showed that resistin may play a role in cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and also inflammation and process of inflammation – related diseases. This review will summarize the results of studies related with resistin.   Key words: Adipose tissue, resistin, disease.

Highlights

Adipose tissue is increasingly recognized to be a storage organ for lipids but rather a metabolically highly active endocrine organ (Figure 1)
Resistin, is a hormone that is produced by fatty cells, a recently described adipokine belonging to the cysteine-rich secretory protein family, was originally described as an adipocyte-derived polypeptide that links obesity and insulin resistance in mice
Studies have revealed that adipocytes synthesize and secrete a number of biologically active molecules (Xiao-zhi et al, 2007), and adipose tissue regulates skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity through a number of cirlulating adipocytederived hormones (Gentile et al, 2008), so called adipcytokines, including tumor necrosis factor- (TNF- ), leptin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), plasminogen activator inhibitor1 (PAI-1), adiponectin, and resistin (Figure 2), which act locally and distally through autocrine, paracrine and endocrine effects (Table 1) (Kershaw and Flier, 2004; Takeishi et al, 2007; Xiao-zhi et al, 2007)

Summary

Introduction

Adipose tissue is increasingly recognized to be a storage organ for lipids but rather a metabolically highly active endocrine organ (Figure 1). Serum resistin concentrations were not associated with preexisting type 2 diabetes or obesity that patients with body mass index greater than 30 in the sepsis and non-sepsis cohort (Koch et al, 2009). When resistin levels were measured in 126 patients with congestive heart failure and 18 control subjects.

Results

Conclusion