Abstract
The present study was carried out to ascertain the quality of water at western zone of Narmada River of Madhya Pradesh (India). Due to heavy discharge of harmful and deleterious substances in river, the biological, chemical and physical characteristics of water have changed to a considerable extent. The objectives of this study were to find out the changes in physico-chemical nature as well as biological health of Narmada River. A thorough study was done on the basis of prevailing seasons. The deterioration of water quality was noticed at lower site of water body in a particular season as low temperature, dissolved oxygen and higher concentration of content of chlorine, etc., all pointing towards the nutrient enrichment. This evaluation will be immensely helpful to estimate the effect of impoundments on the quality of water, fisheries development and reservoir management policy. The microbial analysis was also conducted in terms of most probable number (MPN) of total coliforms in water sample and its highest value (1239) was reported from downstream of Omkareshwar dam site of Narmada River. Water quality index of all sites of Narmada River was calculated for three seasons, viz. summer, monsoon and winter and it was found to be highest (123) at Koteshwar dam site of river in monsoon season and the lowest (70) was observed in water of upstream of Omkareshwar dam during winter. The suitable correlation coefficients were calculated for 7 pairs of variables and correlation matrices were then established seasonally. Key words: Impoundments, water quality index, dissolved oxygen, most probable number.
Highlights
Water is the most indispensable natural resource in the world for the sake of existence of life
Narmada is the fifth largest river of India. It is commonly known as the Life line of Madhya Pradesh
Water pollution in Narmada River has come to alarming proportion in recent past
Summary
Water is the most indispensable natural resource in the world for the sake of existence of life. Narmada is the fifth largest river of India. It is commonly known as the Life line of Madhya Pradesh. Several indigenous and useful species are dwindling day by day. To cope with these problems, there is need for application of oriented limnological research so that we can better utilize the most important resource of ours. In this context, change in several physicochemical features of water of Narmada River was pH Alkalinity Total hardness Chlorine content Total Dissolved Solids Dissolved Oxygen Biochemical Oxygen Demand Total coliform
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