Abstract
Verticillium wilt is a vascular disease caused by Verticillium dahliae which represents a serious threat for olive growing in Algeria. Many studies have shown the potential involvement of phenolic compounds in the reaction of plants to pathogens. Our study shows that the presence of Verticillium wilt induces a high production of polyphenols in infected olive trees compared to uninfected ones. The presence of high concentrations of flavonoids (3.45%) and alkaloids (0.44%) in the infected trees suggests that flavonoids and alkaloids may play a role in the olive tree resistance to verticillium wilt. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed the presence of five phenolic compounds: oleuropeine, luteonine, catechin, and for the first time verbascoside, apigenine-7-glycoside and some derivatives hydroxycinnamic compounds. These substances are good resistance markers and should help to make efficient strategies for the biocontrol of verticillium wilt. Key words: Olea europea var. Sigoise, verticillium wilt, Verticillium dahliae, phenolic compounds, resistance, HPLC.
Highlights
The olive tree (Olea europea) is in full expansion in many countries
Phenolic secondary metabolites, which are considered as involved in the special organoleptic properties of oil, have been shown to play a role in the resistance of some olive (Olea europea L.) varieties to oil autoxidation (Botia et al, 2001)
Sections from the stem of infected olive tree were superficially disinfected with 95% ethyl alcohol for 30 s, rinsed three times with sterile distilled water, dried on sterile filter paper and plated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium amended with streptomycin (100 p.p.m.) and incubated at 25°C in the dark, for two weeks (Tsror et al, 1998)
Summary
The olive tree (Olea europea) is in full expansion in many countries. This tree, grown for its fruit, is sensitive to a great number of diseases such as Verticillium wilt which causes considerable losses in productivity. Deteriorations of the olive tree due to Verticillium wilt have worsened. This disease can propagate very quickly due to the large dissemination of the diseasecausing agent and its long survival in the ground (Serrhini and Zeroual, 1995). Phenolic secondary metabolites, which are considered as involved in the special organoleptic properties of oil, have been shown to play a role in the resistance of some olive (Olea europea L.) varieties to oil autoxidation (Botia et al, 2001). Increasing the endogenous levels of these secondary metabolites can improve the resistance properties of the plant and be Bensalah et al 193 used as a natural alternative for preventing plant diseases
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