Abstract
The viability of pollen grains is the essential precondition for obtaining enhanced or hybrid vigor genotypes and a good fixation of the fruit. It is a matter of great importance, especially for genetic improvement programs, which are used in various types of controlled pollination. This study aimed to evaluate the viability of the maize pollen grain through in vitro germination and stainability tests, collected at different times. The experimental design was a randomized block with factorial 2x5, two days of pollination at five times (9:00 a.m., 11:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., 3:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m.) with four replications. Each treatment consisted of 12 plants, which were taken randomly within each plot. The parameters evaluated were: germination percentage, the percentage of pollen grain stainability, the stigma receptivity and the best time for pollination. Through the analysis of variance, it was noted and interaction between the days and times of collection and highly significant differences for the following parameters: temperature percentage, humidity, germination and viability of the pollen grain, indicating that the days and times influenced the viability of pollen grains. We could observe that the best results of viable pollen grains were obtained at 09.00 a.m. regardless of the day. It was also noted that the ambient temperature and relative humidity were the main influencing factors on pollen viability, and not the collection times. Key words: Genetic improvement, pollination, Zea mays L.
Highlights
The viability of pollen grains is essential precondition for obtaining enhanced or hybrid vigor genotypes and a good fixation of the fruit
The viability of pollen grains is the essential precondition for obtaining enhanced or hybrid vigor genotypes and a good fixation of the fruit. It is a matter of great importance, especially for genetic improvement programs, which are used in various types of controlled pollination
This study aimed to evaluate the viability of the maize pollen grain through in vitro germination and stainability tests, collected at different times
Summary
The viability of pollen grains is essential precondition for obtaining enhanced or hybrid vigor genotypes and a good fixation of the fruit. It is a matter of great importance, especially for genetic improvement programs, which are used in various types of controlled pollination (Borém and Miranda, 2007). Various techniques are used to assess the viability of pollen grains, the most common being: germination in vivo and in vitro, besides the chemical dyes test, which is based on cytological criteria such as coloration (Almeida et al, 2011). The germination in vitro, in culture medium, is a technique that emulates the style-stigma conditions, inducing germination of the pollen tube. Each species requires a specific formulation of culture medium to obtain good germination of the pollen grain. The agar is used to give consistency to the medium and avoid damage to the pollen tube during the evaluation (Ferreira et al, 2007)
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