English

Cirilo De Sousa Almeida Andr Eacute,De Sousa Netto Maur Iacute Lio,Gon Ccedil Alves De Jesus Fl Aacute Vio,Igor De Azevedo Pereira Alexandre,Nogueira Luciano

doi:10.5897/ajar2015.9836

English

Cirilo De Sousa Almeida Andr Eacute, De Sousa Netto Maur Iacute Lio + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2015.9836

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Abstract

Thrips, Thrips tabaci Lind. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is a key pest of garlic in Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of spacing on T. tabaci infestation of a garlic crop. The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of the Goiano Federal Institute (Instituto Federal Goiano – IF Goiano) - Campus Urutai. The experimental design was a randomized block with nine treatments and spacing in single rows (0.20 × 0.10 m, 0.25 × 0.10 m and 0.30 × 0.10 m) and double rows (0.20 × 0.10 × 0.10 m; 0.20 × 0.15 × 0.08 m; 0.25 × 0.10 × 0.10 m; 0.25 × 0.15 × 0.08 m; 0.30 × 0.10 × 0.10 m; and 0.30 × 0.15 × 0.08 m). The Chonan 15 genotype was used in three replicates. At 30, 50 and 70 days after emergence (DAE), evaluations on the following features were carried out: leaf length, number of leaves, angle between the two central leaves, damage and number of thrips per plant. At the end of the crop cycle, the plants were harvested. Individual cured bulb mass, estimated commercial yield, number of cloves per bulb and bulb diameter were also evaluated. Spacing influenced the angle between the central leaves, with spacing of 0.30 × 0.15 × 0.08 m, among the least dense spacing, producing the widest angle (26.96o), suffered one of the highest degrees of insect damage. A spacing of 0.25 × 0.10 m had the highest number of thrips per plant (2.99). Spacing influenced production, with the highest yield occurring with a spacing of 0.25 × 0.15 × 0.08 and 0.30 × 0.10 × 0.10 m (14.37 and 13.51 t/ha, respectively). The least dense spacing produced the largest bulb diameter (42.80 mm) and mass (30.66 g). Key words: Allium sativum, insect, Thrips, plant architecture, non preference.

Highlights

Few cooperatives have been successful in the state of Alagoas, and those that have were managed nondemocratically in an authoritarian style, exhibiting characteristics more typical of a private business
This paper is based on the experience of partaking in the management of a cooperative of small-scale livestock producers that created an opportunity for scientific learning for the students of zootechnics at the Alagoas State University-UNEAL
The results showed that the main difficulty of the cooperative of small producers of livestock in the city of Santana do Ipanema was mainly associated with the “lack of cooperation” and this was cited as a response by 85% of the sampled respondents while 75% showed that “lack of water” as the major problem

Summary

Introduction

Few cooperatives have been successful in the state of Alagoas, and those that have were managed nondemocratically in an authoritarian style, exhibiting characteristics more typical of a private business. The cooperative under study was one of the latter, governed primarily by its president. The main development project of the cooperative was the construction of a dairy plant built for bottling goat milk for direct sales, taking advantage of food distribution programmes of the Federal Government of Brazil. This project was one of the main. Alleged errors in the logistics of the construction led to a lack of authorization from the supervisory bodies of the state of Alagoas (ADEAL, 2015)

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