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Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the effects of aflatoxinB1 (AFB1) on the skeletal system of the fetuses of balady rabbits. The female animals were divided into three groups, one control and two treated, the control group contained four dams, the intoxicated group with 0.1 mg/kg contained six dams while the intoxicated with 0.05 mg/kg contained three dams. A dose of 0.1 and 0.05 mg/kg/day AFB1 was administered by gastric intubation to pregnant rabbits on the 6th-21st day of pregnancy. The fetuses were obtained through the uterine incisionat different stages of gestation according to the group. The lengths and weights of the fetuses as well as absolute organs weights were measured, revealing the statistically significant differences between the control and intoxicated with 0.05 mg/kg group at 29th day of gestation (p<0.001) while there were non-significant decrease of control and intoxicated with 0.1 mg/kg at 22nd day of gestation. The observed gross anomalies included wrinkled skin, enlarged eye socket and microphthalmic eyes in both groups. The heart of treated group showed reduction in size with wide ventricular lumen and shallow inter ventricular groove in intoxicated group with a dose of 0.05 mg/kg AFB1. Regarding the skeletal anomalies, there were incomplete ossification in some of the skull bones, the laminae of the vertebral arches throughout the vertebral column remain cartilaginous. The sternum was incompletely ossified. Most of the appendicular skeleton bones were grossly shorter and remained in cartilaginous state. Key words: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), rabbits, teratogenicity, ossification.
Highlights
Aflatoxins, metabolites of the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, are frequent contaminants of a number of staple foods, maize and ground nuts, in subsistence farming communities in tropical and sub-tropical climates in sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Asia and parts of South America
Increased expression or deregulation of the c-myc and c-Ha-ras genes may play an important role in the development of hepatomas induced by Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) (Tashiro et al, 1986). 7,8-Benzoflavone stimulates the metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1 to mutagens by human liver (Buening et al, 1978)
The individual data on relative organ weight, crown rump length (CRL) and fetal weight were subjected to descriptive statistics, followed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and T-test according to Argyrous (2005) using Statistical Package for Social
Summary
Aflatoxins, metabolites of the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, are frequent contaminants of a number of staple foods, maize and ground nuts, in subsistence farming communities in tropical and sub-tropical climates in sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Asia and parts of South America. Increased expression or deregulation of the c-myc and c-Ha-ras genes may play an important role in the development of hepatomas induced by AFB1 (Tashiro et al, 1986). 7,8-Benzoflavone stimulates the metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1 to mutagens by human liver (Buening et al, 1978). A mouse hepatoma cell line, Hepa-1, is highly sensitive to the toxic effects of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) (Kärenlampi, 1987). Consumption of a CMRN-containing diet provides substantial protection against the initiation of AFB1 hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat (Kelly et al, 2000). The metabolism of AFM1 and AFB1 has been studied in vitro using human liver microsomes.
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