Abstract
In vitro propagation of banana preferably use sword sucker as explant source where microbial contamination poses a great problem in establishment of aseptic cultures. This study demonstrates up to 36% reduced microbial contamination in aseptic culture establishment and subsequent micropropagation due to osmotic stress induction in the banana suckers. Osmotic stress was induced by keeping the freshly collected suckers in shade and measuring fresh weight at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days interval to ascertain loss of moisture. Stress induced for 21 days showed 58.85% moisture loss showing lowest contamination upto 40% against 76% for fresh suckers. Micropropagation of Musa sp. (Malbhog variety) through shoot tip culture of stressed suckers was carried out in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 to 2 mg/l 6-benzyl-aminopurine (BAP), 2 to 4 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Multiplication of plantlets was observed till 6th passage. From 19 aseptically established explants of 21 days stressed sucker sub cultured in MS medium fortified with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA, for 6th passage produced 5122 plantlets. Regenerated micro shoots were rooted in MS medium fortified with 0.5 mg/l IAA. The plantlets were hardened in polybag containing soil and seasoned cow dung. Key words: Osmotic stress, shoot tip culture, in vitro, Musa, Malbhog.
Highlights
Banana is an important group of plants that provides millions of livelihood
This study demonstrates up to 36% reduced microbial contamination in aseptic culture establishment and subsequent micropropagation due to osmotic stress induction in the banana suckers
After each interval of stress induction, 25 suckers were washed under running tap water for 30 min and trimmed into square block ranging from 5 to 8 cm in sizes and dipped in fungicide solution (2 gm/l Bavistin and 100 mg/l ascorbic acid) for 30 min followed by washing with liquid detergent (Extran, Merck, 0.05 ml/l) for 20 min and 4 to 5 times rinsed with clean water
Summary
Banana is an important group of plants that provides millions of livelihood. India has a rich genetic diversity of banana with more than 90 distinct clones. Banana is grown under diverse conditions and production systems and selection of varieties is based on needs and situation. Malbhog is a Musa cultivar of AAB genomic group under subgroup of silk type having reference accession number TRY0077 (Daniells et al, 2001) commonly found in Assam, India. Malbhog banana is very popular and has high commercial value in Assam due to its sweet aroma, taste and high post-harvest life. Shortage of quality planting materials remains the bottleneck for the banana farmers of the state. Tissue culture techniques have been employed for large scale banana planting material production.
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