Abstract
Azadirachta indica A. Juss, known as neem (Meliacea family), has insecticide and pesticide properties, and many studies have shown their efficacy as antifungal, anti-inflammatory, among others. Studies for the development of drugs from plants are rising due to several factors such as bacterial resistance, indiscriminate use and the adverse reactions of antibiotics. In this study, phytochemical triage and thin layer chromatography analysis were performed, with similar results as the presence of flavonoids, tannins and terpenes. The antimicrobial activity showed that the ethyl acetate extract and butanol fraction presented greater activity against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus mitis presenting a MIC = 50 µg/ml for these strains, and the strain Enteroccocus faecalis, the hydroethanolic extract and aqueous fraction were most promising samples with a MIC = 50 µg/ml and MIC = 25 µg/ml, respectively. Therefore, it encourages the continuation of studies, aiming at the development of cosmetics or toothpaste. Key words: Antimicrobial activity, Azadirachta indica, minimum inhibitory concentration, oral strains, phytochemistry.
Highlights
The widespread use of a limited number of antimicrobial agents concomitantly with the reduced arsenal of drugs with antimicrobial function, has led to the development of resistance to drugs that oppose both fungal and bacterial infections, which has been an increasing problem (Alexander and Perfect, 1997; Rex and Pfaller, 2002; Zida et al, 2016).The need to find alternatives for microbial control has induced a lot of research in order to seek products that are effective and economical
Studies of natural products with biological activity offers credible alternatives for microbial control, from bioactive products derived from plants with therapeutic properties of routine use (Albuquerque, 2001)
A. indica was tested as herbal alternatives to endodontic irrigants in comparison with sodium hypochlorite, and this study showed the zones of inhibition of leaf extracts had antimicrobial properties with significant greater zones of inhibition than 3% sodium hypochlorite (Alzohairy, 2016; Honmode et al, 2013)
Summary
The widespread use of a limited number of antimicrobial agents concomitantly with the reduced arsenal of drugs with antimicrobial function, has led to the development of resistance to drugs that oppose both fungal and bacterial infections, which has been an increasing problem (Alexander and Perfect, 1997; Rex and Pfaller, 2002; Zida et al, 2016). The need to find alternatives for microbial control has induced a lot of research in order to seek products that are effective and economical. Studies of natural products with biological activity offers credible alternatives for microbial control, from bioactive products derived from plants with therapeutic properties of routine use (Albuquerque, 2001).
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