Abstract
Between 2002 and 2011 in Peru and Brazil, there have been made studies of correlation and heritability in search of tools for genetic improvement of camu-camu. This work is intended to systematize successful information aiming at the consolidation of criteria for the selection of higher plants. The author evaluated basic collections, progenies and clones existing in experimental centers belonging to INIA (Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria), IIAP (Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana) and INPA (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia). The length of petiole (LP) has an intermediate heritability (in the broad sense) of h2g = 0.42 and correlation coefficients of r2 = 0.37 for fruit yield and r2 = 0.54 for fruit weight. Basal branch number (NRB) also shows levels of heritability average (in the strict sense): h2a = 0.45 and h2g = 0.33 in the broad sense. NRB in turn significantly correlated with fruit yield (FY): r2 = 0.43; fruit weight (FW): r2 = 0.38 and ascorbic acid (AA): r2 = -0.30. The values ​​of pH and soluble solids (degrees Brix) of the pulp showed a high correlation with AA (r2 = 0.85 and r2 = 0.94, respectively). It is emphasized that the parameters, number of basal branches, petiole length and fruit weight that present a relatively high correlation with fruit yield also have an intermediate level of heritability, which qualifies them as important tools for the selection of superior plants of camu-camu. Key words: Camu-camu, correlation, heritability, breeding.
Highlights
Evaluation of genetic material accumulates abundant information regarding the genetic and environmental response expressed in plant
In 12 progenies coming from Uatumã River (Brazil), positive correlation was found between leaf diameter versus leaf length; yield of fruit versus weight of pulp; yield of fruit versus weight of seed; weight of pulp versus weight of seed; weight of pulp versus number of fruits; weight of seeds versus number of fruits; pH versus number of seeds per fruit
Studies were performed in germplasm evaluation plots in three government agencies: National Institute for Agrarian Innovation (INIA), Peruvian Amazonian Research Institute (IIAP) and Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA)
Summary
Evaluation of genetic material accumulates abundant information regarding the genetic and environmental response expressed in plant. In several studies, correlation and heritability indexes were calculated. In 13 progenies from the areas of Roraima, Rondonia and Amazonas (Brazil), Abtibol (2002) found negative correlation between the parameters, pluvial precipitation and flowering. Positive correlation was found between the parameters, vitamin C and pH versus soluble solids; diameter of fruit versus length of fruit; fruit yield, weight of pulp and seed weight versus number of fruits. In 12 progenies coming from Uatumã River (Brazil), positive correlation was found between leaf diameter versus leaf length; yield of fruit versus weight of pulp; yield of fruit versus weight of seed; weight of pulp versus weight of seed; weight of pulp versus number of fruits; weight of seeds versus number of fruits; pH versus number of seeds per fruit. The results of trials of correlation and heritability have been analyzed, in order to help the selection and improvement of camu-camu
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