Abstract
In attempt to develop new potato varieties with the current market lead traits, nine Dutch potato varieties namely Fabula, Panamela, Sagitta, Challenger, Sifra, Rosi, Memphis, Taurus and Derby, and International Potato Center (CIP) varieties Kinigi and Kirundo were evaluated in three Rwandan sites for two growing seasons in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with tree replications. The data collected consists of plant vigor, late blight incidence and severity, yields and processing qualities. The collected data were submitted to analysis of variance. The results showed that variety, site, season, and all interactions of main variation factors have significant effects on total yields. The average total yields of CIP varieties were extremely high and significantly different compared to tested Dutch varieties. These yields were 34.2 and 30.7 tons ha-1 for Kirundo and Kinigi, respectively. The best performing among tested Dutch varieties were Panamela with 20.2 tons ha-1, Rosi with 16.4 ton ha-1, Sagita with 15.8 tons ha-1, and Taurus with 14.4 tons ha-1. The CIP varieties Kinigi (7.2 score) and Kirundo (7.2 score) revealed a big plant vigour compared to tested Dutch varieties. Among Dutch varieties, Taurus (6.9 score) and Panamela (6.2 score) showed the highest plant vogour. CIP varieties Kinigi and Kirundo, and Dutch varieties Sifra and Taurus revealed the same trends for late blight (less than 30% of plants revealed late blight symptoms. Taurus, Challenger, and panamela revealed the highest dry matter content of 22.4, 21.7, and 20.0%, respectively. This dry matter content is high compared to CIP varieties Kinigi (19.20%), commonly used for French fries and crisps in Rwanda. Dutch varieties Rosi, Challenger and Taurus revealed crisps with yellow color without rolling. Panamela and Kinigi showed crisps with similar characteristics. The results from this study suggested that any private company planning to invest in potato processing for French fries and crisps, the Dutch varieties such as Rosi, Challenger, Taurus and Panamela are good candidates for raw materials. Key words: Crisps, Dutch, yield, blight symptoms.
Highlights
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) is the fourth among the world’s food crops after wheat, rice and maize, grown in more than 100 countries at an area estimated at 18.4 million hectares of land, with a productivity of 18.4 ton ha1 and annual production of 347 million tons (FAOSTAT, 2015)
This study revealed that Dutch varieties such as Taurus with a dry matter content of 22.4% Challenger with a dry matter content of 21.7%, and Panamela with a dry matter content of 20.0% revealed the highest dry matter content, compared to CIP variety Kinigi with a dry matter content of 19.20%, commonly used for French fries and crisps (Table 6)
Two growing seasons of National Performance Trials of a new varieties released in one country of COMESA region, are recommended if a breeder wants to release these varieties in another country of the same region
Summary
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) is the fourth among the world’s food crops after wheat, rice and maize, grown in more than 100 countries at an area estimated at 18.4 million hectares of land, with a productivity of 18.4 ton ha and annual production of 347 million tons (FAOSTAT, 2015). It is the third consumed food commodity. Potato is viewed as an important food crop to face the world uncertainties in food supply, and steady hunger rates of the current growing population leading to an increasing demand for food (FAO, 2009; Devaux et al, 2014). Due to the growing market demand in Rwanda and neighbouring countries (USAID, 2016), potato production has increased substantially, in the Northern and Western provinces of Rwanda where agricultural conditions are favourable for potato production (MINAGRI, 2014)
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