Abstract
The cellulolytic and xylanolytic activity of a pathogenic Myrothecium roridum Tode (IMI 394934) and non-pathogenic Fusarium solani and Curvularia pallescenceBoedjin isolates from water hyacinth were investigated. The mycelial plugs of each isolate was grown in submerged cultures of Czapeck Dox broth containing the appropriate carbon source (carboxymethylcellulose, sawdust and homogenized dry water hyacinth leaf) at 25°C for 16 days. The enzyme activity assay was carried out on the culture filtrates obtained. This was measured as micromole sugar released per min. The result obtained showed that the enzyme activity (U/ml) for b-1,4-exoglucanase, b-1,4-endoglucanase and xylanase was maximum 3.70 ± 0.43, 0.95± 0.03 and 2.32 ± 0.10, respectively, in C. pallescens Boedjin grown on carboxymethylcellulose and minimum 0.12 ± 0.02, 0.13 ± 0.03 and 0.34 ± 0.01 respectively, in M. roridum grown on homogenized dry water hyacinth leaf. The b-glucosidase activity (U/ml) was highest, 1.74 ± 0.06 in M. roridum grown on sawdust and least, 0.08 ± 0.00 in C. pallescens Boedjin grown on homogenized water hyacinth leaf broth. The maximum (324.00 ± 19.51 mg/ml) and minimum (130.00 ± 5.83 mg/ml) total extracellular protein was produced in M. roridum grown on homogenized dry water hyacinth leaf and carboxymethylcellulose, respectively. This study showed that the phytopathogenic strain of M. roridum is capable of producing cellulases and xylanase enzyme in submerged cultures but to a lesser degree compared to F. solani and C. pallescence Boedjin. Key words: Cellulase enzymes, Curvularia pallescence Boedjin, Fusarium solani, Myrothecium roridum, Phytopathogens.
Highlights
Plant biomass is made up of mostly polysaccharides
The result obtained showed that the enzyme activity (U/ml) for β-1,4-exoglucanase, β-1,4-endoglucanase and xylanase was maximum 3.70 ± 0.43, 0.95 ± 0.03 and 2.32 ± 0.10, respectively, in C. pallescens Boedjin grown on carboxymethylcellulose and minimum 0.12 ± 0.02, 0.13 ± 0.03 and 0.34 ± 0.01 respectively, in M. roridum grown on homogenized dry water hyacinth leaf
This study showed that the phytopathogenic strain of M. roridum is capable of producing cellulases and xylanase enzyme in submerged cultures but to a lesser degree compared to F. solani and C. pallescence Boedjin
Summary
Plant biomass is made up of mostly polysaccharides. Cellulose is an unbranched glucose polymer composed of β-1,4-glucose units linked by a β-1,4-Dglycosidic bond (Gielkens et al, 1999; Han et al, 1995). A number of plant pathogenic organisms are capable of producing multiple groups of enzymes, called cellulases, β-D-glucan-4-glucanohydrolases (EC 3.2.1.4)] (Lee et al, 2002), (ii) exoglucanases, including 1,4-β-D-glucan glucanohydrolases ( known as cellodextrinases) Exoglucanases act by hydrolyzing the reducing or nonreducing ends of cellulose polysaccharide chains, liberating either glucose (glucanohydrolases) or cellobiose (cellobiohydrolase) as major products (Akiba et al, 1995; Han et al, 1995; Teeri, 1997; Lee et al, 2002). Exoglucanases act by hydrolyzing the reducing or nonreducing ends of cellulose polysaccharide chains, liberating either glucose (glucanohydrolases) or cellobiose (cellobiohydrolase) as major products (Akiba et al, 1995; Han et al, 1995; Teeri, 1997; Lee et al, 2002). β-Glucosidases hydrolyze soluble cellodextrins and cellobiose to glucose (Lee et al, 2002)
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