Abstract
The effect of Pb and Ni on chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids and proline content of Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) seedlings were evaluated under 10, 50 and 100 µM concentration. These concentrations significantly affected chlorophyll, carotenoid and proline content of Black gram as compared to control. Pb and Ni at 10 µM concentration resulted in less significant effect on chlorophyll, a, b and carotenoids. Carotenoids were less affected compared to Chl a and b, while higher concentrations (50 and 100 µM) significantly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of the seedlings. However, the addition of nitrogen (5 mM) somehow minimized the effect of these heavy metals. Nitrogen increased the chlorophyll content of metal treated plants. The proline content of plants was increased under Pb and Ni treatments (10, 50 and 100 µM). In this case, the additional supply of nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate decreased proline content of plants treated with Pb and Ni. Key words: Carotenoid, chlorophyll, lead, nickel, proline, Vigna mungo.
Highlights
Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) is a member of family Fabaceae
The chlorophylls and carotenoids were estimated by Arnon's (1949) technique using double beam UV-visible spectrophotometer
At higher concentration of both these metals the decrease in carotenoid content was found to be 20 and 53%, when nitrogen was applied the increase in carotenoid content was found to be 28 and 56%. This is in accordance with the results reported by Panda and Khan (2003) who found carotenoid content decreased in rice under heavy metals
Summary
Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) is a member of family Fabaceae. It is an annual and important short duration pulse crop growing in many parts of India and cultivated both in kharif and rabi season. Black gram is cultivated both in hilly and plain regions and commonly grown upto 1800 m amsl with short duration (90-120) and high nutritive value (El-Karamany, 2006). It is quite drought resistant but intolerant of frost and prolonged cloudiness. Heavy metal toxicity is very important, especially of crop species that are grown in the vicinity of sites of heavy industry, in developing countries (Bi et al, 2006; Ona et al, 2006)
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