English

Adoligbe Camus,Dine Adje Nourou,Gbedevi Robert,J M Rosa Guilherme,Fonton Marie-Christelle,Fernandes Arthur,Osei-Amponsah Richard,Souaibou Souaibou Farougou

doi:10.5897/ijlp2020.0716

Abstract

Poultry is the second largest livestock in Benin (contributing to 22% of the total meat produced), and chickens are the most reared poultry in the country. The objective of this study was to assess the current trends of local chicken breeding and factors that influence their production performance, and thereby to deliver information for production improvement and sustainable use of indigenous chicken breeds. An electronic tool was used to collect information from 269 respondents selected through a chain referral sampling method. The results showed that there were three production systems; however, the most common production system used was free-range extensive system (70%). Regarding flock ownership, men owned the birds in the majority of the cases (63%) and had overall higher population of chickens than women. The most predominant constraints for chicken production, in descending order of importance, included theft, access to bank loan, lack of training, limited investment, disease spread and mortality. From our results, gender, financial resources, main activity of the flock owner, weaning practice, and the production area had a significant effect on flock size. To enhance the indigenous chicken production, changes in traditional management practices combined with breeding program focusing on within breed selection (closed nuclear system) is a better approach.  Key words: Biodiversity, cluster analysis, food security, farmer livelihood, local chickens.

Highlights

Benin faces the challenge of increasing food production and reducing poverty
Local chickens have a great potential for development, smallholder farmers keeping them face the challenge of improving the productivity of their flock for increased food products and income (Tchabi, 2008)
Demographic factors likely to influence local chicken production are presented in percentages and frequencies in Table 1 and Figure 3

Summary

Introduction

Benin faces the challenge of increasing food production and reducing poverty. One option is to intensify agricultural production and diversify into more profitable and competitive livestock enterprises. In Benin, the livestock subsector contributes approximately 6% of the agricultural Gross Domestic Product (USDA, 2014). The diversity in agro-ecology, climatic conditions, and variation in the purpose of chicken rearing in different regions and production environments in the tropics are believed to contribute to the current high diversity in chicken genetic resources (Padhi, 2016). In Benin, there are approximately eight different breeds of local chickens that have been documented (Figure 1) (Tchabi, 2008). Local chickens have a great potential for development, smallholder farmers keeping them face the challenge of improving the productivity of their flock for increased food products and income (Tchabi, 2008).

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion