Abstract
This study estimated genetic parameters, identified traits of direct and indirect correlation with the grain yield through path analysis and select superior lines, maximizing genetic gain. Two experiments were conducted in 2012/2013 season in randomized blocks with three replications. 23 lines (experiment I) and 44 lines (experiment II) were seeded. For all traits analyzed in both experiments, there was a significant difference by F test (P <0.05) between the lines. Estimates of genetic parameters have identified the traits plant height at maturity and 100-seeds weight in both experiments I and II as the most favorable to the selection by presenting heritability values above 0.5. The genotypic correlations and the path analysis indicated the plant height at physiological maturity (PHM) of greater effect on direct favorable grain yield in both experiments. The indirect selection for grain yield (GY) via the PHM trait is considered effective while superior lines identified included 10, 15, 17, 20, 32, 41, 48, and 57. Key words: Glycine max, genetic correlation, heritability, genetic gain.
Highlights
Soybean breeding programs in Brazil aim at mainly increasing oil and protein content and grain yield in order to ensure competitiveness in the world market (Batista et al, 2015)
The indirect selection for grain yield (GY) via the physiological maturity (PHM) trait is considered effective while superior lines identified included 10, 15, 17, 20, 32, 41, 48, and 57
The continued progress of breeding and subsequently genetic gain in soybean depends on the genetic variability and the application of information about genetic parameters to obtain information that can facilitate the efficient selection process (Hamawaki et al, 2012)
Summary
Soybean breeding programs in Brazil aim at mainly increasing oil and protein content and grain yield in order to ensure competitiveness in the world market (Batista et al, 2015). This has been achieved through continuous genetic improvement which has contributed to the development of soybean cultivars with high yield and adapted to the different environments of Brazilian (Lima et al, 2008). Knowledge of the degree of this interaction through genetic correlation studies helps to identify traits that can be used for direct and indirect selection for optimum genetic gains (Cruz et al, 2004; Silva et al, 2015). It helps to identify traits that contribute most to the final value of the main character (Akram et al, 2011; Alcântara Neto et al, 2011)
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