Abstract
A reproducible protocol for direct shoot organogenesis of Cleome viscosa, an important medicinal weed herb was developed. The seed explants were collected primarily from field grown mature plants for in vitro germination on different strength of MS basal medium with or without selection of GA3 at various concentration (0.1 to 1.0 mg/L). The highest rate of seed germination (55.3%) was noticed on full strength MS basal medium fortified with 0.5 mg/L GA3 after 30 days of culture. The excised 7 to 10 days old cotyledonary leaf, cotyledonary node and hypocotyls explants cultured on MS medium fortified with different concentration of individual cytokinin (BA/KIN/TDZ) alone or BA+KIN or TDZ+KIN or TDZ in combinations with different auxins (IBA/NAA/IAA) influenced the frequency of adventitious microshoot formation. The rate of shoot multiplication was greatest (100%) in cotyledonary leaf explants cultured on 3.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.3 mg/L IBA tested medium after 45 days of culture. The individual microshoots were elongated well in 0.3 mg/L TDZ and 0.1 mg/L GA3 treated medium, but more number of adventitious micro roots were developed on half strength MS medium fortified with 0.1 mg/L NAA. The regenerated healthy plants were hardened in pots containing soil mix and well established into complete state similar to that of field grown plants under greenhouse condition. Key words: Cleome viscosa L, medicinal weed plant, shoot multiplication, direct organogenesis.
Highlights
Cleome viscosa L. (Capparidaceae) is commonly known as “wild or dog mustard,” found as a medicinal weed all over the plains of tropical and subtropical regions of southern, western and central parts of the India (Mali, 2010; Wake et al, 2011)
The maximum value of seed germination (55.3%) was observed on full strength Murashige and Skoog basal medium (MS) basal medium fortified with 0.5 mg/L gibberellic acid (GA3) after 30 days of sowing under 16/8 h light/dark conditions about 33.2 and 37% seed germination was noticed from quarter and half strength MS basal medium, respectively (Table 1 and Figure 1a and b)
In vitro seed germination can be employed as potential method for propagation of medicinally valuable plants under aseptic condition
Summary
Cleome viscosa L. (Capparidaceae) is commonly known as “wild or dog mustard,” found as a medicinal weed all over the plains of tropical and subtropical regions of southern, western and central parts of the India (Mali, 2010; Wake et al, 2011). The plants have devised a useful strategy of producing flowers simultaneously with maturation of fruits and seed dispersal overlap. The events of floral biology ensure auto pollen deposition of plants being self- pollinated (Saroop and Kaul, 2011). The various constituents of these plants have shown profound therapeutic and prophylactic activities. The seeds, leaves and roots of the plant are widely used in traditional folk medicine as an antiscorbutic, analgesic, anthelmintic, antiseptic, cardiac stimulant, carminative, febrifuge, sudorific, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antipyretic, hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory activities (Mali, 2010), anticonvulsant (Shah et al, 1983), antidiarrheal
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