Abstract
To use unique nematicidal mechanism of Stropharia, the strain 1.2052 was evaluated for its potential to control the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on tomato. In vitro, the inhibition rate in 24 h of Stropharia sp. 1.2052 isolate was 100% for second-stage juveniles of M. incognita and Panagrellus redivivus, 41.81% for Caenorhabiditis elegans and 99.25% for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, respectively. In pot experiments, isolate 1.2052 reduced the root-knots to 68.16 to 84.19% in one month and 45.28 to 88.24% in two months after treatment, respectively. The reduction of nematodes in soil ranged from 26.39 to 61.18% compared to the negative control. There were significant efficacies for control of root knot nematodes on tomato. Key words: Stropharia, Meloidogyne incognita, biological control, root-knot nematodes.
Highlights
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) cause serious damages to agriculture and forest
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. glycines and Sclerotium rolfsii were studied for their effects on pathogenicity of M. incognita race 2 in soybean (Akinsanmi et al, 2003)
Botrytis cinerea was cultured on a potato dextrose agar (PDA) plate at 25°C until the fungus was fully grown
Summary
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) cause serious damages to agriculture and forest. It has been reported that plant parasitic nematodes cause annual losses of several billion of crops worldwide (Koenning et al, 1999; Perry et al, 2009). Various fungi have been tested and used to control root-knot nematodes during the last decades. The most studied fungi used and applied to control nematodes are Hirsutella rhossiliensis and Pochonia chlamydosporia. H. rhossiliensis is one of few endoparasitic fungi of mobile stage of nematode. Both species produce infective, adhesive conidia that may be attached to the cuticle of a passing nematode, and has shown great potential in soybean cyst nematode control (Li et al, 2008). Biological control of root-knot nematode (M. javanica) by Trichoderma harzianum BI was investigated in greenhouse and laboratory experiments (Sahebani and Hadavi, 2008)
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