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Abstract
The development of pelleted food–based vaccine against Newcastle disease (ND) using a thermostable NDVI2 strain in Acha (Digitalia iburua) is reported. The Acha cereal was subjected to rigorous processing of washing, soaking, boiling, roasting and grinding into fine powder prior to virus incorporation. The mixture which was passed through a locally fabricated pelleting machine resulted in fine pellets. The virus content in the pellets determined by inoculation of susceptible embryonated chicken eggs showed appreciable titres above 108 Egg Infective Dose 50% end points (EID50) per g of feed. These titres appear to be higher than the recommended minimum immunizing dose of 105.5 EID50 per ml of vaccine. Further in-vitro and in-vivo assessment of the pelleted vaccine is advocated. Key words: Pelleted, NDVI2, food vaccine, Digitalia iburua, high virus titres.
Highlights
Newcastle disease (ND) is endemic in poultry in Nigeria (Abdu et al, 1992; Sa'idu et al, 1994; Halle et al, 1999)
The development of a pelleted NDVI2 vaccine is to provide a viable alternative for the immunization and protection of the scavenging poultry flocks against the most dreaded disease, the ND
This need arises from the fact that, village poultry accounts for approximately 84% of the entire poultry population in Nigeria (Sonaiya, 2007), contributing between 68.5 and 72.7% national poultry meat and egg supply, respectively (David-West, 1972)
Summary
Newcastle disease (ND) is endemic in poultry in Nigeria (Abdu et al, 1992; Sa'idu et al, 1994; Halle et al, 1999). The maintenance of the causative virus in the country is largely by the scavenging poultry in villages, which act as reservoirs for themselves and the more susceptible exotic flocks in commercial farms (Gomwalk et al, 1985). Current conventional vaccines in use are formulated in multiple dose units targeted towards commercial flocks. Such vaccines have little relevance in village poultry which are often small, scattered, multi-aged, and free- roaming with.
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