Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This is a hospital based, prospective clinical study on incidence of retinopathy of prematurity changes in preterm infants and associated risk factors. METHODS: Neonates with gestational age <37wks and/ or birth weight ≤ 2500gms born over one year period were examined by indirect ophthalmoscopy between 2 to 4 weeks after birth, and followed up till retinal vascularization was complete. Maternal and neonatal risk factors were noted and data analyzed by statistical package SPSS-15. RESULTS: 100 babies were thus examined. The overall incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was 40%, 22%in babies’ ≤34wks of gestation and 52% in babies with a birth weight1500-2000g. Majority were in stage 2. Gestational age (<32weeks), Birth weight (<1500g), RDS, surfactant therapy, PDA were found to be risk factors. CONCLUSION: Meticulous fundus examination with indirect ophthalmoscopy in all preterm babies with gestational age<37weeks and birth weight ≤ 2500gms is essential noninvasive method for early detection of ROP and its progression. Screening should be intensified in the presence of factors like RDS, oxygen administration and presence of PDA.
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