Abstract
The development of resistance of Echinochloa colona biotypes is emerging as a major problem in upland rice production, particularly where there is an apparent over use of the propanil - and fenoxaprop-P-methyl herbicides. A series of field studies in a commercial rice production facility were conducted to screen a wide range of recommended herbicides for upland rice weeds and to assess its efficacy and the possible resistance of herbicides. The results indicated that fenoxaprop was not performing as anticipated in upland rice management. However, propanil in combination with oxadiaryl improved yield and weed control. Preliminary evidence suggests that there is E. colona biotype present in the population that is exhibiting some level of resistance, but not necessarily to Fenoxaprop-P. Key words: Echinochloa colona, biotypes, propanil, fenoxaprop-p-methyl, oxadiaryl herbicides.
Highlights
The production of upland-rice is increasing worldwide as most of the potential lowland areas are already cultivated (Gupta and O’Toole, 1986)
The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of selected herbicides for the control E. colona in upland rice production and to assess its possible resistance of propanil - and fenoxaprop-Pmethyl
Three studies were conducted on the assessment of herbicide for the control of E. colona and the determination of propanil and fenoxaprop-P-methyl resistance
Summary
The production of upland-rice is increasing worldwide as most of the potential lowland areas are already cultivated (Gupta and O’Toole, 1986). E. colona is the most noxious weed in upland rice (Holm et al, 1977, Fisher et al, 1993; Baldwin et al, 1996). It is a very competitive weed capable of suppressing growth and development of the crop. It contributes to the yield decline and a reduction in grain quality of 42 to 90% (Fisher et al, 1993)
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