Abstract
A study was carried out in the Mount Mandara area to assess the populations and renewal status of Parkia biglobosa, a multi-purpose species. The study was aimed at contributing to the sustainable management of this resource. Transect methods were used to count individuals of P. biglobosa in fields. Results showed that the density of P. biglobosa was 7 individuals ha-1. The basal area of P. biglobosa individuals varied as follows: Mokolo area (21.41 m2 ha-1) and Roua-plateaux Zoulgo (20.06 m2 ha-1). In these zones, big trees of P. biglobosa with large diameters were quite numerous. The average diameters were 79.14 ± 5.04 cm, and the average height was 13.60 ± 0.96 m. The structure of the distribution among the diameters generally was bell shaped, but the distributions varied in each zone. The greatest number of individuals was observed in the [50-70 cm] and [70-90 cm] diameter classes, with a remarkable increased presence of individuals in class [130-150 cm]. The scarcity of the individuals in the diameter range of 10 to 30 cm was noted in the various zones, with their entire absence in the Roua- Plateaux Zoulgo and Méri zones. The rate of regeneration of P. biglobosa was 13 %. This rate was very weak compared to the socio-economic importance of this species. This regeneration rate will not ensure continued population strength of this multipurpose species. This species is proven of importance, but its capacity of regeneration was too low to ensure its sustainability. It becomes imperative to develop effective strategies for its regeneration and conservation. Key words: Population, dynamic, sustainable management, multi-purpose, Parkia biglobosa, Mount Mandara.  
Highlights
In sub-Saharan Africa, trees play an essential role in the life of the rural population
The tree archway size varied from 14.13 (6.48) m to 10.20 (3.97) m. These results showed that, in the Mount Mandara, P. biglobosa was a large tree
Parkia biglobosa populations were composed in majority of the growing old individuals of big size
Summary
In sub-Saharan Africa, trees play an essential role in the life of the rural population. In spite of the significant scientific work load devoted to P. biglobosa in its phytogeographical area (Beaulaton and Gutierrez, 2002; Douma et al, 2010; Koura et al, 2013), no scientific study was devoted to the demography and the regeneration status of this species in the Mount Mandara in the Sahelian Zone of Cameroon. This species has particular socio-economic importance because of the utilisation of its various products by local populations.
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