Abstract
(1) Background: Negative attitudes towards sexual minorities are widespread in our society. The Scale of Negative Attitudes towards Transgender people (EANT) has been tested in Spanish-speaking countries in order to assess its applicability as a measure of harmful predispositions towards trans individuals. Understanding these predispositions is important because of transformations in the rights of people in terms of respect for gender diversity. (2) Methods: For the validation of this scale, an online survey was developed and distributed to 362 UK university students aged 18 to 45 years (M = 21.43, SD = 3.42). The sample was randomly divided in half, carrying out the exploratory factor analysis for the first 180 students and performing the confirmatory factor analysis for the remaining 182. (3) Results: The validation of this unifactorial instrument in English was obtained, with a high internal consistency (α = 0.810) that suggests high applicability to measuring this construct, as well as showing expected relationships with typical variables (HATH, TIBS, gender, sexual orientation, religion and education). (4) Conclusions: This study assesses attitudinal tendencies and reveals how sexual prejudice is still implicit in our societies and makes the stigmatisation and discrimination of trans people visible. These findings support the development of strategies to tackle these predispositions.
Highlights
Sexuality is fundamental to human identity and experience
The EANT in this English version is presented as a one-dimensional structure both when conducting the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and its reagents assess overt attitudes towards trans people
Consistent with the previous literature, the differences between the means of the groups of study variables have been significant with medium to large effect sizes, indicating that gender, nationality, sexual orientation and religious adherence are discriminating variables of attitudes towards trans people
Summary
Sexuality is fundamental to human identity and experience. It is understood to include sex, gender, sexual orientation, affectivity, social relationships, sexual pleasure and reproduction considered from a personal and sociocultural perspective [1]. Human sexual development is connected to life experiences and is exhibited through attitudes, behaviours, beliefs, roles, fantasies and desires and it is highly influenced by political, economic, cultural and historical factors [2,3,4,5]. Gender identity is considered a complex process that contributes to the building of our sexuality in relation to the search for pleasure, security, gender roles and the social norms of a given cultural framework. Gender formation is related to our understanding of the wide diversity of gender identities that exist, including, amongst others trans identities [2,3,4].
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