Engineering problem-solving group formed at ERA

Abstract

<dm:abstracts xmlns:dm="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/dm/dtd"><ce:abstract xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" view="all" class="author" id="aep-abstract-id13"><ce:section-title>Publisher Summary</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec view="all" id="aep-abstract-sec-id14"><ce:simple-para id="fsabs002" view="all">The most important criteria in selecting a material are related to the function of the part qualities such as strength, density, stiffness and corrosion resistance. For sheet material, the ability to be shaped in a given process, often called its formability, should also be considered. To assess formability, one must be able to describe the behavior of the sheet in a precise way and express properties in a mathematical form; one also needs to know the properties that can be derived from mechanical tests. As far as possible, each property should be expressed in a fundamental form that is independent of the test that is used to measure it. The information can then be used in a more general way in the models of various metal-forming processes. It is seen that the properties that affect material performance are not limited to those that can be measured in the tensile test or characterized by a single value. Measurement of homogeneity and defects may require information on population, orientation, and spatial distribution. Many industrial forming operations run very close to a critical limit so that small changes in material behavior give large changes in failure rates. When one sample of material will run in a press and another will not, it is frequently observed that the materials cannot be distinguished in terms of tensile test properties. This may mean that one or two tensile tests are insufficient to characterize the sheet, or that the properties governing the performance are only indicated by some other test.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></dm:abstracts>