Abstract
The study of slope stability along the proposed Lerabire road in the Mergasur town, in Erbil city, Kurdistan region of NE-Iraq is carried out. To evaluate the stability of slopes, twenty stations were selected along the mentioned road, two stations in the rock slopes of the Shiranish Formation, eleven stations in the Bekhme Formation, six stations in the Qamchuqa Formation, and one station in the Sarmord Formation. In this study, the stability of rock slopes has been evaluated by the Landslide Possibility Index system. The results of the Landslide Possibility Index category in the rock slopes along the proposed Lerabire road ranges from a very low to low for rock slopes in stations 1 and 2 (marl and marly limestone of the Shiranish Formation, Moderate for rock slopes in stations 3, 4 and 19 (limestone of the Bekhme Formation), High for rock slopes in the stations 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 (limestone of the Bekhme Formation), stations 12, 17 (limestone and marly limestone of the Qamchuqa Formation), station 20 (limestone of the Sarmord Formation and very high for rock slopes in the stations 13, 14, 15, 16 (limestone and marly limestone of the Qamchuqa Formation), station 18 (limestone of the Bekhme Formation). According to Landslide Possibility Index category, the hazard category is Low in station 1 in the Shiranish Formation, but in station 2, 3, 4 and 19 are Moderate, moreover, in the station 5, 11, 12, 17, 18 and 20 are high. The rock slope assessment indicated that the height of the slope face, slope angle, a high degree of weathering, and discontinuities spacing are the factors that increase the failure possibility. To prevent landslide the ditch method is used in the Shiranish Formation rock slopes, the reinforcement techniques are used in the Behkme Formation rock slopes and rock removal methods are used in Qamchuqa and Sarmord Formation rock slopes.
Highlights
Evaluation of the stability slope along and around the road is a necessary assignment due to their effect on human life as well as properties
The present study aims to demonstrate the possibility of landslide for the rock slopes in the proposed Lerabire road during the road construction and process of cut and fill, Landslide Possibility Index (LPI) calculations, landslide potential hazard assessment by preparation of landslide hazard map and suggestion of some remediation techniques for the rock slopes along the road
The rock slopes in the study area are described as follows; The stations 1 and 2 in the Shiranish Formation rock slopes have very low to low LPI values (Table 3) because it is mostly covered by recent sediment and no previous landslides were observed in those stations, the slopes remain in stable situation due to absence of unfavourable discontinuities, the rocks have sound fracture and this make the rock blocks become stable in the slope
Summary
Evaluation of the stability slope along and around the road is a necessary assignment due to their effect on human life as well as properties. Determining the stability assessment for a proposed road has a significant effect on the civil work decision in rock slope faces, in addition base on that the cutting and the filling process depending on slope stability assessment. The study area comprises rock slopes of Shiranish, Behkme, Qamchuqa and Sarmord formations in the proposed Lerabire road are 144 km away to the NE of Erbil city, northern Iraq. Alhadad (2020) studied slope failure at Tikrit, northern Iraq and mentioned that the rock compressive strength played an important parameter in the stability of rocks in addition to water, slope high, slope angle, traffic, etc. The present study aims to demonstrate the possibility of landslide for the rock slopes in the proposed Lerabire road during the road construction and process of cut and fill, Landslide Possibility Index (LPI) calculations, landslide potential hazard assessment by preparation of landslide hazard map and suggestion of some remediation techniques for the rock slopes along the road
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