Abstract
ABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of nano-silica up to 5% by mass on the hydration, engineering properties, and microstructure of one-part alkali-activated slag-based paste with up to 20% calcined oyster shell ash (COSA). Adding nano-silica reduced workability and accelerated setting times. A mixture with 3% nano-silica and 20% COSA showed a 31.55% increase in compressive strength, improved thermal conductivity from 0.434 W/(m · K) to 0.715 W/(m · K), and reduced water absorption from 10.43% to 3.02% when compared to those mixtures with only COSA. These improvements are due to nano-silica interacting with calcium hydroxide, forming hydration products such as ettringite and C-S-H gel, which fill micropores and strengthen the microstructure. This rapid hydration and strength development make it ideal for precast manufacturing. Thus, incorporating nano-silica allows efficient use of up to 20% COSA, making it a sustainable and eco-friendly construction material.
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