Abstract
Quarry by-products (QB), usually less than 1/4 in. (6 mm) in size, are the residual deposits from the production of required grades of aggregate. This paper provides findings of a detailed laboratory study with the objective of characterizing the engineering properties of QB materials produced in the primary, secondary, and tertiary aggregate production stages from four different quarries operating in Illinois. Property tests were conducted for determining aggregate gradation, morphological shape characteristics, compaction properties (moisture-density), chemical composition and strength properties of QB samples. Since the unconfined compressive strength for QB materials is relatively low, chemical admixture stabilizers such as Portland cement and Class C fly ash were used to improve the strength properties. This study aims at evaluating properties governing the untreated and stabilized strength of QBs such as source variation, compacted density, chemical composition, gradation, particle shape and angularity, as well as the uniformity of distribution and the effectiveness of stabilizer. QB samples treated with 2% cement or 10% Class C fly ash by dry weight were found to be 10 to 30 times stronger than the virgin QB samples. Such significant increases in the strength of stabilized QB materials observed may indicate suitability of QBs for sustainable pavement applications.
Highlights
During aggregate production, multiple aggregate quarry processes such as blasting, crushing, and screening of aggregates produce large amounts of by-product mineral fine materials, commonly known as Quarry By-products (QBs)
This paper presents findings of the Illinois Center for Transportation study on Quarry By-products (QBs), the residual deposits from the production of required grades of aggregate
Several factors that affect the strength property of stabilized Quarry By-products (QBs) samples were discussed and evaluated, including density, gradation and packing, chemical composition, and the effectiveness of stabilizers
Summary
Multiple aggregate quarry processes such as blasting, crushing, and screening of aggregates produce large amounts of by-product mineral fine materials, commonly known as Quarry By-products (QBs). QBs are generally produced in three stages: primary crushing, secondary crushing, and tertiary crushing (Petavratzi and Wilson, 2007). Common types of crushers used to produce crushed aggregate materials in the primary, secondary, and tertiary crushing stages include jaw crushers, cone crushers, gyratory crushers, and impact crushers. The quantity of fines (and QB) produced from each crusher type depends on the crushing stage and the operating conditions. Jaw crushers are normally utilized for the primary crushing. Cone crushers are widely used by crushed rock producers due to the relatively
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