Abstract
The purpose of this article is to critically assess the literature on engaging internal medicine hospitalists in antimicrobial stewardship. Few studies exist that describe hospitalist-led antimicrobial stewardship initiatives. Most studies in this review employed quasi-experimental or quality improvement methods. Across the studies included in our analysis, those with interventions that focused on single disease processes (e.g., pneumonia, UTI, SSTI) had a more robust impact on their selected outcomes. In the reviewed literature, engaging internal medicine hospitalists in antimicrobial stewardship efforts resulted in improved antimicrobial appropriateness and decreased broad-spectrum antibiotic usage. Despite being identified as key stakeholders and potential leaders in antimicrobial stewardship efforts, there is a paucity of literature to guide the best incorporation of hospitalists in this work.
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