Abstract
MASSACHUSETTS was the pioneer in this country in factory legislation.1 It was the first state to appoint factory inspectors (1867); the first to establish a permanent bureau for the investigation of labor conditions (1869); and one of the first to create an industrial commission with authority to prescribe standards for protecting employes in industrial establishments from health and accident hazards. In 1877, Massachusetts enacted the first American law requiring factory safeguards. This measure has served as the basis for much of the subsequent legislation for the prevention of accidents in factories and workshops. It provided that the belting, shafting, gearing, drums, and all machinery having movable parts in factories, workshops, mechanical and mercantile establishments, if so placed as to be dangerous to employes while engaged in their ordinary duties, should be securely guarded as far as practicable. From time to time other specific safety provisions were added to the statutes. With the establishment of the State Board of Labor and Indus-
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