Enfermedad renal crónica (II). Aproximación general, tratamiento farmacológico y tratamiento sustitutivo

Abstract

The holistic management of patients with chronic kidney disease involves treating the reversible causes of kidney failure to prevent or delay its progression. Its complications should be treated and doses of medication should be adjusted to glomerular filtration, and patients who will require renal replacement therapy should be properly prepared for this. Arterial hypertension and proteinuria are important predictors of progression and are also modifiable risk factors. The gradual fall in the glomerular filtration rate is accompanied by volume overload, hyperpotassaemia, metabolic acidosis, hypertension, anaemia and bone-mineral disorders. Uraemia appears in the final stage of chronic kidney disease. Survival of the patients will depend on appropriate knowledge and control of all of these factors.