Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial difusa y su relación con el humo de leña estimado por un índice de exposición anual IEAHL

Abstract

Introduction: lung diseases that affect the interstice have multicausal etiology where exposure to biomass using firewood as a fuel source in food preparation continues to be rooted in our communities. Objective: to describe an index that quantifies the risk of developing diffuse interstitial lung disease, ILD, in relation to the degree of exposure to wood smoke, according to the number of main meals cooked with said method, multiplied by the number of years exposed, IEAHL. Material and Method: study of cases and controls. We analyzed 37 cases of ILD patients and their relationship to wood smoke based on our own proposal for an annual exposure index and 33 controls admitted for surgical treatment in general surgery, with ethnic characteristics, age and sociocultural status similar to the cases studied. For IEAHL, the range 50 to 99 was chosen for moderate degree exposure and more than 100 severe degree. Results: severe (OR=26 95%CI 2.63 – 270) and moderate (OR=9.6795%CI 1.32 – 70.97) IEAHL are associated with ILD type non-specific interstitial pneumonitis (NSIP), while usual interstitial pneumonitis (UIP) only to a severe degree (OR=20 95%CI 2.04 – 196.03). Conclusion: the index of annual exposure to wood smoke IEAHL is presented as an objective and simple alternative to determine the risk of suffering from diffuse interstitial lung diseases and was found to be associated with NSIP and UIP, thus establishing a relationship between severity of exposure and ILD development.