Abstract
The paper discusses mechanisms by which energy is stored in minerals following the absorption of ionizing radiation, and is subsequently released during heating to produce thermoluminescence (TL). It is discussed how the primary processes of defect formation during irradiation occur via electronic excitation. This can take the form of either the creation of electron-hole pairs, followed by trapping into localized energy states, or of exciton creation leading to the formation of stable vacancy and interstitial defects. Heating the sample after the irradiation causes the release of this stored energy in the form of phonons or photons. Photon emission, ie. luminescence, results from either electron-hole recombination or from vacancy-interstitial recombination. Several examples of both types are discussed for crystalline CaF2 and SiO2.
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