Abstract
To date, the amount of research conducted regarding the subject of energy-efficient transmission in device-to-device (D2D)-assisted cellular network systems simultaneously utilizing both licensed and unlicensed bands is lacking. This topic is of substantial relevance to emerging 5th-generation (5G) cellular network systems, so the present study was conducted in order to address it in a practical manner. Specifically, this study proposes a simple yet effective algorithm aimed at ensuring efficient energy usage when such network systems make transmissions while utilizing both licensed and unlicensed bands. Based on novel system configurations with respect to bandwidth and link mode configurations, the proposed D2D-assisted transmission algorithm was designed with a system-level perspective in mind in order to yield greater efficiency in terms of transmission mode selection and link mode selection. As a result of these features, the proposed algorithm can not only maintain acceptable rates of transmission for all the connected users, but can also enhance system performance by a significant degree in terms of both energy efficiency and connection efficiency. Moreover, the results of simulations conducted to test the algorithm indicate that it is not only feasible, but, given its simple yet effective design, also easy to implement, such that it can serve as a valuable reference for the operators of 5G networks.
Highlights
In a cellular network system, base stations (BSs) are the main components that enable devices connected to the system to communicate with each other
If it is determined that the pair should use the D2D mode, a link mode is further determined during the link mode selection phase, allowing the pair to carry out transmission, or a determination is eventually made to block the pair
The proposed algorithm is comprehensively evaluated in terms of noise signal levels, number of channels, and number of pairs, as well as in terms of its effects on the power-to-throughput ratio” (PTR) and blocking-to-throughput ratio” (BTR), in the network environment under consideration, and it is compared with the conventional method
Summary
In a cellular network system, base stations (BSs) are the main components that enable devices connected to the system to communicate with each other. The existing BSs of such systems have been subjected to larger and larger burdens due to the ever growing number of mobile users and the corresponding increases in network data demands [1], in areas of high population density such as major cities. One potential means of reducing the resulting tension between costs (both financial and energy-related) and user satisfaction would be improving the transmission efficiency of such network systems. A number of potential solutions aimed at increasing the efficiency of BS-based transmissions have been proposed in our own recent research [2,3,4,5,6,7,8], including the utilization of multiple-component-carrier technology [2,3,4,5] or two-layer macrocell—small cell architectures [6,7,8]
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