Energy-efficient ultrafast nucleation of single and multiple antiferromagnetic skyrmions using in-plane spin polarized current

P. K. Muduli,Kacho Imtiyaz Ali Khan,Naveen Sisodia

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-91591-8

P. K. Muduli, Kacho Imtiyaz Ali Khan + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91591-8

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Abstract

We numerically investigate the ultrafast nucleation of antiferromagnetic (AFM) skyrmion using in-plane spin-polarized current and present its key advantages over out-of-plane spin-polarized current. We show that the threshold current density required for the creation of AFM skyrmion is almost an order of magnitude lower for the in-plane spin-polarized current. The nucleation time for the AFM skyrmion is found to be 12-7 ps for the corresponding current density of 1–3times 10^{13}~text{A/m}^{2}. We also demonstrate ultrafast nucleation of multiple AFM skyrmions that is possible only with in-plane spin polarized current and discuss how the current pulse width can be used to control the number of AFM skyrmions. The results show more than one order of magnitude improvement in energy consumption for ultrafast nucleation of AFM skyrmions using in-plane spin-polarized current, which is promising for applications such as logic gates, racetrack memory, and neuromorphic computing.

Highlights

We numerically investigate the ultrafast nucleation of antiferromagnetic (AFM) skyrmion using in-plane spin-polarized current and present its key advantages over out-of-plane spin-polarized current
The results show more than one order of magnitude improvement in energy consumption for ultrafast nucleation of AFM skyrmions using in-plane spin-polarized current, which is promising for applications such as logic gates, racetrack memory, and neuromorphic computing
We investigate the nucleation of AFM skyrmions by in-plane spin polarized current

Summary

Introduction

We numerically investigate the ultrafast nucleation of antiferromagnetic (AFM) skyrmion using in-plane spin-polarized current and present its key advantages over out-of-plane spin-polarized current. DMi, an antisymmetric magnetic exchange interaction, can arise in non-centrosymmetric cubic B20-type helimagnets due to the broken inversion s ymmetry[3,4,5,6,7,8] Chiral skyrmions in such systems were experimentally observed first in MnSi9 and later in FeGe10 near their respective magnetic ordering temperatures. The major disadvantage of using ferromagnetic (FM) skyrmions in racetracks is the presence of an additional transverse motion of the skyrmion (along the nanotrack width due to the Magnus force) which eventually leads to the destruction of skyrmion at the nanotrack edge This phenomenon, called skyrmion Hall effect (SkHE), occurs due to the non-zero topological charge (Q = ±1 ) and has been observed in several experiments[30,31,32].

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