Abstract
Prediction of the sound field in large urban environments has been limited thus far by the computational heaviness of standard numerical methods such as boundary element (BE) or finite-difference time-domain methods. Recently, a considerable amount of work has been devoted to developing energy-based methods for this application, and results have shown the potential to compete with conventional methods. However, these developments have been limited to 2-D models, and no real description of the phenomena at issue has been exposed. Here, the mathematical theory of diffusion is used to predict the sound field in complete 3-D complex urban environments. A 3-D diffusion equation is implemented by means of a simple finite-difference scheme and applied to two different types of urban configurations. This modeling approach is validated against BE and geometrical acoustic solutions, showing a good overall agreement. The role played by diffraction near the source is discussed, and suggestions are made on the possibility to accurately predict the sound field in complex urban environments in near real time simulations.
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