Abstract
Social networks and mobile applications tend to enhance the need for high-quality content access. To meet the growing demand for data services in 5G cellular networks, it is important to develop effective content caching and distribution techniques, to reduce redundant data transmission and thereby improve network efficiency significantly. It is anticipated that energy harvesting and self-powered Small Base Stations' (SBS) are the rudimentary constituents of next-generation cellular networks. However, uncertainties in harvested energy are the primary reasons to opt for energy-efficient (EE) power control schemes to reduce SBS energy consumption and ensure the quality of services for users. Using edge collaborative caching, such EE design can also be achievable via the use of the content cache, decreasing the usage of capacity limited SBSs backhaul and reducing energy utilisation. Renewable energy (RE) harvesting technologies can be leveraged to manage the huge power demands of cellular networks. To reduce carbon footprint and improve energy efficiency, we tailored a more practical approach and propose green caching mechanisms for content distribution that utilise the content caching and renewable energy concept. Simulation results and analysis provide key insights that the proposed caching scheme brings a substantial improvement regarding content availability, cache storage capacity at the edge of cellular networks, enhances energy efficiency, and increases cache collaboration time up to 24%. Furthermore, self-powered base stations and energy harvesting are an ultimate part of next-generation wireless networks, particularly in terms of optimum economic sustainability and green energy in developing countries for the evolution of mobile networks.
Highlights
Due to the proliferation of smart devices and the explosion of traffic in the wireless ecosystem, cellular network operators face challenges of providing massive network capacity and achieving superior coverage while improving users' quality of experience
The caching content stored in the Small Base Stations' (SBS) should be different according to the local SBS content popularity, where the value of the path loss exponents ɑs, ɑm and the noise variance σ2 is set to 90 dBm, and ɑbk are set to be 3
The average backhaul delay from SBS, MBS, and internet is represented by delay1, delay2, and delay3, respectively
Summary
Due to the proliferation of smart devices and the explosion of traffic in the wireless ecosystem, cellular network operators face challenges of providing massive network capacity and achieving superior coverage while improving users' quality of experience. Small cell networks (SCN) are a cost-effective and energy-efficient network paradigm to tackle such challenges. According to the Small Cell Forum (Forum, 2015), from the perspective of cellular network operators around the globe, remote rural areas provide an excellent business opportunity for deploying small cells due to the increased coverage, provide services to potential customers and open new markets. The deployment of small cells (SCs) in rural areas is a key challenge due to the backhaul availability and energy efficiency. The amount of energy harvested varies over time, resulting in a potential power outage at the SBs, eventually decreasing the quality of services (QoS) for the users. An energy-efficient (EE) transfer scheme must be implemented (Tvaronavičienė et al, 2018)
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