Energy Use Efficiency of Mandarin Production: A Case Study from Adana Province

Abstract

In this research was aimed to define the energy use efficiency of mandarin production for the 2017 production seasons in Adana province in Turkey. A survey data were compiled in 2017 and the farms were chosen according to the simple random sampling method and the survey were done to these farms. In order to define the energy use efficiency in the production of mandarin, a survey was done with 142 farmers in Adana province. According to results of research, human labour energy, machinery energy, chemical fertilizers energy, chemicals energy, farmyard manure energy, diesel fuel energy, irrigation water energy and lime energy were calculated as energy inputs. Mandarin fruit was calculated as output. In mandarin production, total input energy was calculated as 38,303.09 MJ ha−1 and total energy output was calculated as 59,850 MJ ha−1. The energy inputs in mandarin production were calculated respectively as chemical fertilizers energy 15,568.80 MJ ha−1 (40.65%), farmyard manure energy 5781 MJ ha−1 (15.09%), diesel fuel energy 5034.11 MJ ha−1 (13.14%), irrigation water energy 4095 MJ ha−1 (10.69%), machinery energy 3207.60 MJ ha−1 (8.37%), human labour energy 3039.18 MJ ha−1 (7.93%), chemicals energy 1518 MJ ha−1 (3.96%) and lime energy 59.40 MJ ha−1 (0.16%). The energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy calculations were calculated in mandarin production respectively as 1.56, 1.22 MJ kg−1, 0.82 kg MJ−1 and 21,546.91 MJ ha−1.