Abstract
Flow instability of hypersonic and high-enthalpy boundary layers with thermal-chemical nonequilibrium (TCNE) effects is studied for Mach numbers of up to 15. It is quantitatively illustrated that the TCNE effects change the disturbance characteristics predominantly through mean flow modification. In the oblique-mode breakdown case, the intensive energy transfer between the selected modes and their harmonic waves is found to occur where they interact strongly with the mean flow. (L${}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}$ and N${}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}$ in the figure are separately the energy transfer through the linear and nonlinear terms in the disturbance energy-norm equation.)
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