Energy Storage

Abstract

Devices or physical media can store some form of energy to perform a useful operation later and/or at a different location. Energy storage reduces the mismatches between the energy production and demand. For example, if it is stored the solar energy would still be available during the night. Also, the stored energy may be a supplement during the peak demand for energy. Besides, a stored energy can be transported. A battery, for example, makes it possible to use a wristwatch, mobile phone, or a laptop computer. This chapter begins by underlying the importance of energy storage and regulation by water and hydrogen and later discusses thermal, electric, chemical, and mechanical energy storage systems. Solar energy storage by sensible and/or latent heat and for short- and long-term applications is discussed briefly. Some common phase changing materials and usage of them for the latent heat storage technique are described. Underground thermal energy systems are discussed briefly. Capacitor, hydroelectric, and battery are discussed in storing electricity. Chemical energy storage by biosynthesis is briefly discussed. Later, mechanical energy storage by compressed air, flywheel, hydraulic, and springs are discussed.