Abstract
Despite extensive research into lead-free ceramics to achieve excellent dielectric properties and good energy storage performance, the primary challenge of low energy density remains unresolved. Here, a relaxor ferroelectric (1-x)Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3-xBi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 [(1-x)BST-xBMT] was designed and prepared using a solid-state method, where x = 0.05, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25. It revealed that the introduction of BMT reduces the average grain size, resulting in a decrease and broadening of the dielectric constant peaks. This modification enhanced the breakdown field strength (Eb) of BST ceramics. An effective energy storage density of 2.44 J/cm³ and an energy storage efficiency of 76.25 % ware achieved in 0.80BST-0.20BMT ceramic at an electric field of 300 kV/cm. Furthermore, the recoverable energy density and energy efficiency of the 0.80BST-0.20BMT ceramic exhibited excellent frequency stability over a frequency from 5 Hz to 500 Hz. A power density (PD∼16.06 MW/cm³) and a short discharge time (t0.9∼0.95 μs) were demonstrated in 0.80BST-0.20BMT ceramic at 200 kV/cm.
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