Abstract
Dolomite, a calcium magnesium mineral (CaMg(CO3)2), is considered an undesirable accompanying mineral in the phosphoric acid production process and, as such, large quantities of this mineral are available in Florida. This study is aimed toward the characterization of the high-concentration phosphatic dolomite pebbles (handpicked dolomites) received from the Florida Industrial and Phosphate Research Institute (FIPR) and investigate their feasibility for thermochemical energy storage (TCES). The chemical composition, structural and microstructural characteristics of commercial and handpicked dolomite minerals was studied using a variety of techniques such as X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and an automated mineralogy Automated SEM-EDX Mineralogy (or automated scanning electron microscopy) with energy dispersive X-rays spectrometer (SEM-EDX), which confirmed the phosphatic pebbles received contains dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) phase in a high percentage. Particle size and the surface area were measured using XRD and N2 adsorption, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) methods. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to determine the activation energy for the calcination and re-carbonation reactions of the dolomite pebbles in nitrogen (N2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) atmospheres at temperatures up to 800 °C. The present results exhibit, for the first time, the potential for using abundant, high phosphatic concentration dolomite possessing long-term cycling behavior for thermochemical energy storage applications in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants.
Highlights
In a 1914 U.S Geological Survey Bulletin, Van Kauwenbergh et al [1] presented a detailed study of the minerology and chemistry of the phosphates mined in Florida, Polk and Hillsborough counties of Central Florida
Mineralogy measurements, but we have evaluated its partial carbonated version under STF/N2 environment [commercial dolomite (CO-Dolo)-STFN2]
The Fe containing dolomite phase increase to 3.51% for calcined, handpicked dolomite and 29.38% for partially calcined, commercial dolomite, for which the X-ray Diffraction (XRD)
Summary
In a 1914 U.S Geological Survey Bulletin, Van Kauwenbergh et al [1] presented a detailed study of the minerology and chemistry of the phosphates mined in Florida, Polk and Hillsborough counties of Central Florida. It was understood that the most uneconomical ingredient in the phosphate mineral matrix was the calcium-magnesium mineral CaMg(CO3 ) , known as. Sci. 2020, 10, 6679 earth-abundant “dolomite”, with a purity of at least 60% occurring in combination with sand (Silica or quartz ~30%). The mining industry routinely terminates their mining process, when they encounter the dolomites or “dolostones”, which are the major source of magnesium and are not favorable for phosphate fertilizer processing. The gypsum (CaSO4 ·2H2 O) stack is a potential US-EPA sustainability concern for the precipitation of the CO2 reaction on limestones (calcium carbonate or CaCO3 ) or dolostones [CaMg(CO3 )2 ]
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