Abstract
Nigeria's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) shows commitment to supporting the Paris Agreement towards reducing the global warming and negative impacts of climate change. However, some gaps need to be bridged in order to make Nigeria’s NDC more ambitious and effective. Therefore, this paper presents energy scenarios that could support the revision of existing Nigeria’s NDC to ambitiously limit GHG emissions while promoting increased access to green energy. The paper systematically establishes gaps in the existing NDC, namely circumvention of subsisting energy-related policies, lumped energy efficiency pathways, overconcentration on solar PV, neglect of the residential sector, neglect of advanced emissions control technology and neglect of on-grid renewable energy utilisation. The paper also presents pertinent recommendations to bridge the established gaps, which are critical for the NDC revision. It is pertinent that the NDC revision should consider all the aspects of energy supply and demand sides in a transparent and equitable process. It envisaged that the judicious and equitable consideration of the recommendations in this work would make Nigeria’s NDC ambitious and effective. Keywords: nationally determined contributions, energy sector, energy policies, demand-side energy efficiency, residential sector DOI: 10.7176/JETP/10-7-04 Publication date: December 30 th 2020
Highlights
All over the world, energy is a central consideration in climate change policy
The second major point of intersection is that the energy sector, which plays a critical role as the key enabler of other sectors such as agriculture, health and water, is prone to climate change variabilities
The Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) considers a range of energy-related measures as part of the plan to achieve a reduction of emissions, which are projected to grow by 114% by 2030 reaching about 900 MtCO2 under a business as usual (BAU) scenario
Summary
Energy is a central consideration in climate change policy. In Nigeria, the intersection between energy and climate is broad, multiple and complex. Energy access is highly vulnerable to climate change given their dependence on biomass (firewood and agro-wastes). The activities in the oil and gas sector (especially gas flaring and oil spillage) have a significant impact on greenhouse gas emissions, climate vulnerability, ecological integrity, and the livelihood of a large population. For these reasons, a clever and strategic treatment of energy is vital in Nigeria’s Nationally Determined Contributions and for any prospects of achieving a low carbon development
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