Abstract
Approximately 95% of the total heat losses of a greenhouse for year-round use are losses through translucent enclosing structures. Therefore, to reduce energy costs, the area of the enclosing structures of the cultivation structure should be minimal. The purpose of the study included the derivation of formulas to substantiate the energy-saving space-planning parameters of greenhouses offered by the market for farms, and a comparative assessment of various types of structures. Formulas were obtained for determining the minimum fencing factor for greenhouses of various shapes, on the basis of which they were compared in terms of heat losses and material consumption for enclosing structures.
Highlights
The cultivation of agricultural products in cultivation facilities is one of the types of farming activities
Comparison of specific heat losses and specific consumption of materials when evaluating greenhouses of various shapes can be performed based on the analysis of the fencing coefficient, which shows the ratio of the area of translucent enclosing structures to the greenhouse building area
The minimum value of the fencing factor can be set by substituting the value of the greenhouse length A = F / L (F is the required area of the greenhouse) into formula (2), differentiating the expression by L and solving the resulting equations for the width of the greenhouse
Summary
The cultivation of agricultural products in cultivation facilities is one of the types of farming activities. For year-round use by factories - manufacturers offer various types of farm greenhouses, the main of which are shown in figure 1 [1-5]. Translucent enclosing structures of greenhouses have low thermal resistance and in the cold season, heat losses through them are very significant [6-10]. The choice of a rational form and size of the cultivation facility allows to reduce heat losses and increase the profitability of production. The purpose of the study is to establish dependencies for determining the size of greenhouses that minimize heat losses through enclosing structures, and to compare various types of farm greenhouses in terms of specific heat losses and specific consumption of materials for enclosing structures
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