Abstract
The low energy efficiency and excessive power of electric motors of large-scale vibrating machines for processing bulk materials motivated a new design of the inertial drive. This drive consists of one motor and two coaxial unbalanced masses, whose rotational frequencies are related in the ratio 2:1. This approach allows for a generation of the excitation force with variable amplitude and frequency, which changes depending on the inertial characteristics and shaft rotation frequency and does not relate to the phase difference of the unbalanced masses. Because of this, the symmetry axis of the resulting vector hodograph can be changed. The spectral composition of the exciting force up to 200 Hz contains higher harmonics, the energy share of which is 25.4% from the 2nd harmonic and 14.1% from the 3rd and higher harmonics that correspondingly improves bulk material treatment in comparison to single-frequency vibrators. The finite element model is used for checking the strength capacity of the most loaded units of a dual-frequency drive. Its use allows the realization of complex trajectories of motion that are more technologically efficient for variable parameters of the treated media and energy saving in sieving screens and other vibrating machines.
Highlights
Vibrating screens, conveyors, rammers, and other various bulk materials processing machines are widely used in mining, metallurgical, construction, and other industries
Until now the energy efficiency of existing vibrating machines is low enough and the energy consumed by electric motors is spent on heating bearings and suspension units of inertial vibrators, and only small part results in useful work
The power of the electric motors of the most frequently used above-resonance vibrating machines needs to increase by 30–50% to pass the main resonance of the machine structure and to prevent Sommerfeld effect manifested in the form of the non-ideal drive restraining around the critical range of rotation speed [1]
Summary
Conveyors, rammers, and other various bulk materials processing machines are widely used in mining, metallurgical, construction, and other industries. Until now the energy efficiency of existing vibrating machines is low enough and the energy consumed by electric motors is spent on heating bearings and suspension units of inertial vibrators, and only small part results in useful work This is because media consisting of separate particles can dynamically change their spatial distribution structure, physical and mechanical characteristics during screening, transportation or compaction. Like the solution for a problem of the increasing technological and energetic efficiency of vibrating machines, the task involves developing inertial drives with a simple design but with regulated operating modes and the possibility to provide complicated trajectories of vibrating surface motion Those drives should provide a wider spectrum of vibrations excited without additional motors and energy consumption
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