Energy Saving and CO2 Mitigation as a Result of Reshaping Transportation in Jordan to Focus on the Use of Electric Passenger Cars

Abstract

Abstract Just over half of the energy consumed in Jordan is consumed by transportation, of which passenger cars account for 57 %. This has increased fuel bills and elevated CO2 emissions, creating social and economic pressures. However, these can be ameliorated by enhancing the efficiency with which energy in the transportation sector is utilised. In Jordan, most of the passenger cars in 2017 ran on diesel and gasoline fuel, with only a small percentage (0.23 %, equivalent to 3586 cars) running on electricity. The aim of this paper was to assess the possible advantages of replacing passenger cars that run on fossil fuel with electrically powered vehicles. This was achieved through an examination of six scenarios where the key variable was the type of fuel needed to produce the electricity required to charge the cars. Different replacement percentages were also tested. Detailed analysis and calculations of CO2e emissions and the electricity needed were then performed. The results indicated that replacing fossil fuel passenger cars with electric cars is an effective option for reducing the amount of CO2e emissions and can decelerate the rate at which energy is consumed in the transportation sector, dramatically reducing the national fuel bill. If the running costs of car fuel are reduced, the use of renewable energy technologies based on solar and wind will also reduce the level of GHG emissions.