Abstract
Hybridization is an effective method to reduce fuel consumption and emissions of toxic pollutants generated by hydraulic excavators (HEs). This paper first reviews various hybrid HEs architectures with electrical, hydraulic, or flywheel-based energy recovery systems (ERSs). Flywheel-based ERS is not widely used in HEs but has achieved widespread concern in the automotive field. In light of this, the differences between HEs and automobiles are discussed to highlight the potential of flywheel-based ERSs in HEs. Then, the paper compares corresponding energy storage devices in these ERSs from many aspects. The comparison shows that flywheels display many advantages over other energy storage devices. Meanwhile, the drawbacks of flywheels are discussed in detail, indicating that the drawbacks can be offset by other advantages. The results show that the flywheel-based ERS is competitive with the electrical and hydraulic competitors for HEs. Finally, the challenges to the flywheel technology and future work are presented.
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