ENERGY PROCESSES IN THE RESISTANCE CHARGE CIRCUITS OF SUPERCAPACITORS

Abstract

Introduction Nowadays, for the purpose of providing high pulsed currents in electrical and electromechanical systems, accumulation supercapacitors (ionistors, nonlinear capacitors) are increasingly used, which can provide significant growth rates of current, and, accordingly, significant pulsed capacities. Formulation of the problem An analysis of the scientific sources, in which the energy processes in charge circuits of supercapacitors were investigated, showed that they carried out experimental research on various stands or in packages of applied programs on personal computers. But despite this, the analytical solution of the nonlinear nonhomogeneous first-order differential equation for the aperiodic process of charge of a supercapacitor (a nonlinear capacitor) from a storage battery, assuming that the capacity of a supercapacitor is linearly dependent on the voltage at its terminals, was not carried out. The purpose of this work is to obtain a generalized analytical solution of a nonlinear inhomogeneous differential equation for the aperiodic charge process from the battery operation of a nonlinear capacitor whose capacitance is a linear function of the voltage at its terminals, which will determine the dependence of energy losses in charge circuits on the parameters of the elements. Main part In the paper the energy processes in the resistance charge circuits of supercapacitors (nonlinear capacitors) from the sources of constant voltage are considered under different conditions on the voltage at the terminals. A general analytical and approximate solution of a first-order nonlinear inhomogeneous differential equation for the aperiodic charge process of the supercapacitor from a lithium-ion battery is obtained under the assumption that the capacitance of a supercapacitor depends linearly on the voltage at its terminals. Conclusions This solution makes it possible to determine the dependence of the energy losses in the charge chains on the parameters of their elements.