Energy-optimal grid-based clustering in wireless microsensor networks with data aggregation

Abstract

Wireless microsensor networks usually consist of a large number of small sensor nodes with limited onboard energy supply and deployed densely in a given area for information harvesting purposes. To reduce energy consumption and prolong network lifetime, clustering techniques are often used, among which the grid-based ones are very popular due to their simplicity and scalability. In this paper, we analyse and evaluate the energy-optimal grid size for a grid-based clustering and routing scheme proposed specifically for wireless microsensor networks. In addition, we also consider the effect of data aggregation on energy consumption and network lifetime. Through numerical and simulation results, we reveal the trade-off generic to all grid-based clustering schemes. Further, we propose a randomised technique to prolong the network lifetime and discuss other energy-saving opportunities. This paper provides some insights into the intrinsic limits of grid-based clustering schemes for wireless microsensor networks.