Energy Management Systems for Residential Buildings With Electric Vehicles and Distributed Energy Resources

Sohaib Rafique,Usama Bin Irshad,Mohammad Jahangir Hossain,Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay,Mohammad Sohrab Hasan Nizami

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3067950

Sohaib Rafique, Usama Bin Irshad + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3067950

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Abstract

This paper proposes two electric energy management systems (EMSs) in the context of a grid-connected residential neighbourhood with electric vehicles (EVs), battery storage, and solar photovoltaic (PV) generation. The EMSs were developed to minimize the cost of electricity whilst having no impact on routine individual energy needs and travel patterns. The EMSs were evaluated using common sets of real data with the aim to compare the effectiveness of a centralized EMS with decentralized EMS. The models also accounted for the battery capacity degradation and the associated costs. Simulation studies and numerical analyses were presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed EMSs considering a high-density residential building in Sydney, Australia. The simulation results indicate that the centralized EMS is more effective compared to the decentralized EMS in terms of cost savings. It is also observed that the energy management strategies significantly reduce the energy drawn from the grid compared to un-optimized energy management schemes.

Highlights

The residential sector accounts for 27% of the global energy consumption of which buildings alone are responsible for three-quarters of total residential energy consumption [1]
Based on the input data, the energy management systems (EMSs) assesses the needs of individual household and creates a day-ahead optimization schedule to minimize the cost for individual households in customer-based strategy (CBS) and for the aggregator in aggregator-based strategy (ABS)
EFFECT OF PROPOSED EMSs ON COST The results show significant reduction in cost of energy consumption for both, centralized and decentralized energy management strategies, through optimal management of the energy resources

Summary

Introduction

The residential sector accounts for 27% of the global energy consumption of which buildings alone are responsible for three-quarters of total residential energy consumption [1]. The installation of renewable energy resources in high-density apartment buildings is usually a challenge due to constraints on the available space. While the transport sector accounts for about 40% of global fuel consumption [2] but is expected to become increasingly electrified in coming years [3], which may in turn have a significant impact on the electricity grid if not well managed. High-density residential buildings present some significant challenges for i) integration of renewable energy generation (due to limited space), and ii) transport electrification (due to limited electrical supply and potential grid impacts of EV charging). It has recently been shown that the potential negative impacts of EV charging in residential neighbourhood can be significantly reduced using charge management strategies considering local generation and transport needs [4]

Results

Discussion

Conclusion