Energy Management Systems and Strategies in Buildings Sector: A Scoping Review

Abbas M Al-Ghaili,Naif M Al-Hada,Hairoladenan Kasim,Bo Norregaard Jorgensen,Marini Othman,Jihua Wang

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3075485

Abstract

Energy management systems in buildings (EMSs-in-Bs) play key roles in energy saving and management to which an efficient energy management system in buildings (EMS-in-Bs) design contributes. Different scope-based designs of EMS-in-Bs are reviewed. The objective is to highlight different scope-based designs of EMS-in-Bs in which scopes of reviewed papers aim to implement a function of, for example, “monitor energy performance”, “estimate energy-use”, or “control energy-use”. This paper aims to constitute a comprehensive conception of how efficient such an EMS-in-Bs to perform more than one scope (i.e., function). Meaning, is the proposed EMS-in-Bs able to perform several sequential functions? This paper’s contribution is to give a function-focused EMS’s review utilizing the scope of reviewed papers. That is, reviewed papers are classified based on the scope/function the selected EMS-in-Bs is designed for. This could help select an EMS-in-Bs to perform certain scope/function(s). Another contribution is that, numerous EMSs-in-Bs are reviewed in a classified way so that the most adequate EMS-in-Bs for a certain scenario considering the performed scopes/functions e.g., “monitor” are highlighted. Findings showed that “control-optimize”-functioned EMS-in-Bs achieved highest energy-saving rates ~30% compared to “estimate-predict” with 10%. Findings, insights given by reviewed studies, current problems faced, future directions, and remarks are drawn in conclusion. Analysis done on reviewed papers has found that the highest and lowest averaged-energy saving rates were obtained with papers whose their scopes are implementing “control”-with-“optimize” and “estimate”-with-“predict”, respectively. Energy saving rates for these two classes of scopes have been equal to 22.57% and 10%, respectively. We recommend that there is a need to enhance the estimation- and prediction-related EMS-in-Bs to achieve a higher energy saving rate.

Highlights

Building management systems (BMSs) or Building Automation Systems (BASs) are those systems that concern management of such a control or an automation procedure of mechanical or electrical equipment connected to a building
EMSs-in-Bs are designed in order to come up with an efficient energy system, manage energy operations inside buildings, or increase occupants’ comfort
This paper has reviewed a number of EMSs-in-Bs related designs applied to many types of buildings

Summary

Introduction

Building management systems (BMSs) or Building Automation Systems (BASs) are those systems that concern management of such a control or an automation procedure of mechanical or electrical equipment connected to a building. BMSs or BASs, in addition to electrical equipment controlling and monitoring, can be implemented to large projects to monitor mechanical, heating, ventilation, and air. A BMS aims to effectively and efficiently perform a certain or pre-given task to the building’s equipment either in a conventional, intelligent control, or automation way. In the case with energy management systems in buildings (EMS-in-Bs), the main focus is how efficiently an EMS performs, for example, a ‘‘monitoring’’ function, implemented to electrical utility grids in terms of energy-use reduction and energy saving. In case with intelligent building energy management systems (iBEMS), the number of issues/.

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